[vc_row el_class=”inner-body-content” css=”.vc_custom_1667448439440{padding-top: 30px !important;padding-bottom: 20px !important;}”][vc_column][vc_custom_heading text=”Pre-requisite(s)” font_container=”tag:h3|font_size:20px|text_align:left” use_theme_fonts=”yes” el_class=”inner-body-content” css=”.vc_custom_1667448424673{margin-top: 0px !important;}”][vc_column_text]Cell Biology (BI-1113)[/vc_column_text][vc_custom_heading text=”Recommended Book(s)” font_container=”tag:h3|font_size:20px|text_align:left” use_theme_fonts=”yes”][vc_column_text]A Textbook Of Botany (Angiosperms) S. Chand And Co. New Delhi[/vc_column_text][vc_custom_heading text=”Reference Book(s)” font_container=”tag:h3|font_size:20px|text_align:left” use_theme_fonts=”yes”][vc_column_text]

1. Mauseth, J. D. 1998. An Introduction To Plant Biology: Multimedia Enhanced.
2. Jones And Bartlett Pub UK
3. Stuessy, T. F. 1990. Plant Taxonomy. Columbia University Press, USA.
4. Raymond E, S. E. Eichhorn.2005. Esau’s Plant Anatomy. Meristems Cells And Tissues Of The Plant Body, 3^rd Ed. John Wiley & Sons. Inc.
5.  Fahn, A. 1990. Plant Anatomy. Pergamon Press, Oxford.
6. Eames A. J. And L. H Mac Daniels. 2002.
7. An Introduction To Plant Anatomy.Tata-Mac Graw-Hill Publishing Company, Limited, New Delhi.
8. Pullaiah, T.  2007.  Taxonomy Of Angiosperms.  3^rd Edition, Regency Publications, New Delhi.
9. Rajput,  M.  T.  S.  S.  Hassney  And  K.  M.  Khan.  1996.  Plant Taxonomy.  NewTrends Computer Service, Hyderabad, Sindh, Pakistan

[/vc_column_text][vc_custom_heading text=”COURSE OBJECTIVES” use_theme_fonts=”yes”][vc_column_text]• To make the students know about: • Basic concepts of Systemetic and classification • To know about animal and plant kingdom and their division and sub division • To get awareness and understanding of Morphology and various morphological characters root, stem, leaf, inflorescence, flower, placentation and fruit types • To get the Importance and relationship with other sciences,like Phases of plant taxonomy.[/vc_column_text][vc_custom_heading text=”COURSE LEARNING OUTCOMES (CLO)” use_theme_fonts=”yes”][vc_column_text]A student after taking this course will be able to:

Classification:  brief history of various systems of classification

Introduction  to  animal & plant nomenclature,  importance  of  Latin  names  and binomial  system  with  an  introduction  to  International  Code  of  Botanical Nomenclature (ICBN).Vienna code.

Will understand the Morphology: a detailed account of various morphological characters root, stem, leaf, inflorescence, flower, lacentation and fruit types.

Enable to understand the Morphology: a detailed account of various morphological   characters root, animal kingdom[/vc_column_text][vc_custom_heading text=”COURSE CONTENTS” use_theme_fonts=”yes”][vc_column_text css=”.vc_custom_1667448400268{margin-bottom: 0px !important;}”]

• Introduction to Plant Systematic:
• Aims, objectives and importance.
• Classification:  brief history of various systems of classification with emphasis on pak.
• Brief introduction to nomenclature
• Importance of  Latin  names  and binomial  system  with  an  introduction  to  International  Code  of  Botanical Nomenclature (ICBN).Vienna code.
•  Morphology: a detailed account of various morphological characters root, stem, leaf, inflorescence, flower, placentation and fruit types.
• Introduction: Importance and relationship with other sciences,
•  Phases of plant taxonomy.
• Origin and radiation of angiosperm, their probable ancestors,
•  Concept  of  Species:
• What is a species?
• Taxonomic  species,
• Biological species,
• Micro  and  macro  species,
•   Species aggregate.
• Infra specific categories.
• Speciation: Mechanism of speciation,
•  Mutation and hybridization Geographical isolation,
•  Reproductive isolation, Gradual and abrupt.
•  Variation: Types  of  variation,  Continuous  and  discontinuous  variation
•  Systematic  and  Genecology  /  Biosystematics: Introduction  and  importance,
• Methodology  of conducting  biosystematics  studies
• Various  biosystematics
• Taxonomic  Evidence: Importance  and  types  of  taxonomic  evidences:
• Anatomical, cytological, molecular, palynological, geographical and embryological
• Nomenclature  : Important  rules  of botanical  nomenclature  including  effective
• Valid publication, typification, principles of priority and its limitations, author citation,
• Rank of main taxonomic categories, conditions for rejecting names.
• Classification: Why classification is necessary? Importance of predictive value.
• Brief  history,  Different  systems  of  classification  with  at  least  one  example
• Brief introduction of Numerical taxonomy.

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